Article about extraction of olive oil

Extraction of olive oil by using tradition method

step 1: The workers knock the olives from the tree using their hands.

Step 2: The workers knock the olives from the tree using long sticks.

Step 3:

Step 4: The olives will be transported for oil extraction

Step 5: All leaves and debris will be removed












Step 6: Wash with water

Step 7: Crushing

Step 8: The paste will be transformed into bags

Step 9: The bags will be transformed into vertical machine

Step 10: Liquid go out and solid stay inside

Step 11: Liquid will be filtered another time from solid

Step 12: Get rid of solid

Step 13: Get rid of water

Step 14: Keep the oil inside the tank

Step 15: Oil can be transformed to a centrifuge

Extraction of olive oil by using solvent method

Solvent extraction is a chemical method at which it needs organic solvents such as hexane to work. It will remove half of the residual oil and we do not need power to use it. The most important machine in the chemical extraction is the soxhelt machine which is not expensive. This method is used in laboratories in a small amount, it is very effective to make separation of oil from the olives.

 First we should have a heating source and a distillation flask. Heating source is used to heat the solvent that must be in the distillation flask. So we put the round bottom flask over the heating mantle and we put 2 to 3 boiling chips to avoid the sudden production of large gas bubbles which can leads to bumping. After that we attack the soxhlet extractor chamber where the extraction take place to the round bottom flask and inside the chamber we put thimble that contains the sample. The thimble can be made up of filter papers to let the liquid pass and the materials stay inside. Then by using the clamp we can hold the chamber with the flask. Then we bring the condenser that consists of two parts: Part where the cold water enter and part where the hot water go out and at the top we can put the funnel that helps us to add the solvent. We attach this condenser to the chamber. Now we measure the specific solvent in a measuring cylinder and transform them into a beaker then transfer this solvent by using a funnel at the top of the condenser to the chamber so the solvent will flow down to the chamber that contains the sample and then to the flask. Turn on the water so the condenser will be full with cold water and the hot water will then go out from the condenser. Then turn on the heating mantle, when temperature reaches the boiling point of the solvent then the solvent will start to boil so the solvent vapor will pass to the condenser. At the lower part of the condenser the vapor cool, after that the condensed solvent will flow back to the thimble that contains the dry material to start extraction. This solvent will pass and penetrate the dry material and dissolve the extracted chemicals. Gradually the chamber will be filled with the solvent. Beside the chamber that carry the material that should be extracted there is what we call siphon. When the chamber is filled with the solvent then the siphon also will be filled with the solvent that carry the extracted chemicals. When solvent carrying the extracted chemicals reaches the top of the siphon, this solvent will go back to the round bottom flask. Then we take the solution that we get in the round bottom flask and separate the solvent from extracted oil.